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| ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT |
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| General Information |
Total Land Area: |
997,239 km2 |
Land boundaries: |
2,689 km |
Coastline: |
2,450 km |
Capital: |
Cairo |
Other Large Cities: |
Alexandria, Al-Jizah, Port Said |
Official Language: |
Arabic |
National Currency Unit: |
Egyptian Pound (EGP) |
National Day: |
July 23 |
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| Location and Geography |
Egypt is located at the North-east corner of Africa and the South-west corner of Asia. It is bordered by Libya and Sudan in the West and South respectively, the Mediterranean, the Gulf of Suez, the Gulf of Aqaba, and the Red Sea. Most of the country is part of the band of desert stretching from the Atlantic coast of Africa to the Middle East. Its unusual geological history has produced four major regions: the Nile River, the Western Desert, the Eastern Desert, and the Sinai Peninsula. Arable land is limited. The River Nile is the main resource of the country serving as waterway and source of irrigation. The climate is uniformly arid with hot dry summers and moderate winters. Rainfall occurs mostly in winter.
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| Demography |
Population: |
72.642.223 million (2004) |
Crude Birth Rate: |
26 per thousand people (2004) |
Crude Death Rate: |
6 per thousand people (2004) |
Infant Mortality Rate: |
26 per thousand (2004) |
Life Expectancy: |
Male: 68 years, Female: 72 years (2004) |
Urban Population: |
42.0 percent (2004) |
Adult Literacy: |
58.00 percent (2003) |
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| Economy |
Egypt’s main agricultural products are cotton, rice, corn, wheat and beans. Husbandry (cattle, sheep) and fishing are also important activities. Egypt is one of the major producers of high-quality, long-staple cotton. Its natural resources include petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, phosphates, manganese, limestone, gypsum, talc, asbestos, lead and zinc. The development of the hydrocarbon industry has a major impact on the economy. Natural gas production has been increasing in recent years. Domestic industry ranges from food processing, textiles, vehicle assembly, to aluminium and steel processing. Transportation and tourism also play a major role.
GDP at Current Market Prices: |
88783.56 million US$ (2004) |
Per Capita GDP: |
1196.01 US$ (2004) |
Share of Sectors in GDP: |
14.82% Agriculture, 37.0% Industry, 48.0% Services, (2003) |
Total Exports: |
22817.10 million US$ (2003) |
Total Imports: |
- million US$ (2004) |
Major Exports Items: |
Crude oil and petroleum products, cotton yarn, raw cotton and textiles |
Major Imports Items: |
Food and live animals, machinery and transportation equipment, manufactured goods |
Major Trading Partners: |
US, Italy, UK, Germany and France |
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| External Links |
Egyptian Presidency
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Ministry of Trade and Industry
Ministry of Education
Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics
Central Bank of Egypt |
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