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| REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN |
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| General Information |
| Total Land Area: |
2,724,730 km2 |
| Land boundaries: |
11,587 km |
| Coastline: |
0 km (Landlocked) |
| Capital: |
Astana |
| Other Large Cities: |
Almaty, Qaraghandy, Shymkent |
| Official Language: |
Kazakh |
| National Currency Unit: |
Tenge (KZT) |
| National Day: |
December 16 |
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| Location and Geography |
Kazakhstan is located in the centre of the Eurasian continent occupying the ninth largest land area in the world. It is bordered by Russia in the North, China in the East, Kyrgyz Republic, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan in the South, and the Caspian Sea in the West. The country’s landscape is diverse. The forest-steppes of the North become steppes, semi-deserts, and deserts in the South. Steppes account for about one third of the country’s territory, while the semi-deserts stretching from the Caspian Sea to the Altai Mountains constitute 15 percent of the land area. There are numerous rivers, the largest ones being Ertis, Esil, Oral (Zhaiyk) and Syrdaria. The climate is mostly continental with hot summers and cold winters. Different elevations result in wide variations in temperature and precipitation.
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| Demography |
| Population: |
14.838.619 million (2004) |
| Crude Birth Rate: |
15 per thousand people (2003) |
| Crude Death Rate: |
10 per thousand people (2003) |
| Infant Mortality Rate: |
63 per thousand (2003) |
| Life Expectancy: |
Male: 56 years, Female: 67 years (2003) |
| Urban Population: |
56.0 percent (2003) |
| Adult Literacy: |
99.50 percent (2003) |
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| Economy |
Kazakhstan’s economy is relatively diversified with heavy industry being the dominant sector. The country enjoys all kinds of opportunities for securing its sustained development including immense natural resources, vast farming areas, skilled labour and a remarkable industrial potential. Being the second largest of the former Soviet republics in land area, it owns considerable untapped fossil fuel reserves as well as abundant supplies of other minerals and metals. The main natural resources are petroleum, natural gas, coal, iron ore, manganese, chrome, nickel, cobalt, copper, lead, zinc, bauxite, gold, and uranium. Iron ore deposits are one of the largest in the world. Moreover, Kazakhstan is one of the leading producers of aluminium and phosphate. The main agricultural products are wheat, cotton, wool, and livestock.
| GDP at Current Market Prices: |
40743.19 million US$ (2004) |
| Per Capita GDP: |
2786.16 US$ (2004) |
| Share of Sectors in GDP: |
7.92% Agriculture, 39.0% Industry, 53.0% Services, (2004) |
| Total Exports: |
15023.31 million US$ (2003) |
| Total Imports: |
- million US$ (2004) |
| Major Exports Items: |
Mineral products, base metals, chemicals, grain, wool and meat |
| Major Imports Items: |
Machinery and equipment, transport, chemicals, metallurgic production, pharmaceutical goods, clothes and foodstuffs |
| Major Trading Partners: |
Russia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, US, China, Turkey and Germany |
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| External Links |
Ministry of Economy and Budget Planning
Ministry of Finance
Agency of Statistics
National Bank |
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